The State EMS Progressiveness & Readiness (SPaR) Maturity Model was born from a simple but pressing question: How do we compare EMS systems across the U.S. in a way that is fair, actionable, and forward-looking?

The Tactical Medic Maturity Model (TM3) was born—to strip away the illusions, challenge the status quo, and provide a structure for what Tactical Medics should be, do, and aspire to become.

Assertive inquiry isn’t just a communication tool—it’s a lifesaving practice. By combining clear, confident observations with open-ended questions, providers at every level can voice concerns, clarify priorities, and keep patients safe in dynamic, high-pressure environments.